论云南地区的原始农业

A Study ofthe Primitive Agriculture in Yunnan Area

云南地区的原始农业是中国原始农业的重要组成部分。云南地区的原始农业既是远古的历史陈迹,又是现实的生产生活状态。考古发现和民族调查表明,云南地区是探索原始农业起源、发展、演变有关问题的重要区域。现有发现和研究表明,云南地区原始农业的起源在时间上晚于黄河流域和长江流域地区,其时间为距今三千年至四千年间;云南地区虽不是中国稻作的重要起源地,但却是中国稻、麦、粟三种作物较早同时栽培的地区;云南边疆少数民族地区至近现代时期仍然保持的刀耕火种生产方式,反映出了原始农业生产方式的基本状况和特点。

The primitive agriculture in Yunnan area is an important component of Chinese primitive agriculture. It is not only the expression of ancient times, but also the real production and living state. It is clear that Yunnan is a significant area to re- search the origin, development and evolution of the primitive agriculture through the archaeology and nationatity＇s investigation. On the basis of present research, the following conclusions are drawn ： Firstly, the primitive agriculture in Yunnan area origina- ted from three thousand years ago to four thousand years ago, which was later than the origin time of the reaches of Yellow River and Yangzi River. Yunnan was not the origin area of rice cropping, but the place where flee, wheat and millet were cultivated at the same time. The producing customs of slash and burning cultivation retained in Yunnan frontier minority areas until near mod- em times indicated the basic states and characteristics of the primitive agriculture.