行政约谈制度的缘起、运行与规制

The Origin,Operation and Regulation System of Administrative Interviews

行政约谈制度的构建是服务型政府建设的客观要求、行政争议减少的可行之路和行政效率提高的重要保障。目前行政约谈的相关法规或文件已经涉及各领域,集中分布于机关工作、环境保护、税收、财政、价格、工业管理、质量、卫生等具体行政法部门。2010年以来"约谈"之风一发不可收,成为广泛试行的具有中国特色的行政制度。在行政约谈欠缺法律规定作为上位法的情况下,行政约谈实践必须遵守以下原则:公益优先原则、行政合法性和合理性原则、自愿协商原则。建议行政约谈更多采用平行式运行模式,并引入第三方机制监督约谈过程,维护行政相对人在约谈中的平等地位,防止损害第三人利益,规避行政约谈的异化风险。

Construction of administrative interviews system is the objective requirement of building a service-oriented government,the road of reducing administrative disputes,and the important guarantee of improving administrative efficiency.The current administrative interviews related regulations or documents has been involved in various fields,mainly distributed in organs,environmental protection,taxation,finance,price,industrial management,quality,health and other specific administrative law division.Since 2010,the wind of ＂interview＂ is rampant,has become widely China characteristics of the administrative system.In the administrative interviews,the lack of legal provisions as the upper law,so it is necessary to emphasize administrative interviews practice must abide by the following principles：principle of public interest priority,the principle of administrative legality and rationality,and principle of voluntary consultation.Recommended that the administrative interviews should adopt the parallel operation mode more,and introduce the third-party mechanism to supervision administrative interview process,in order to maintain equal status of administrative relative person in interviews,preventing damage to the interests of the third person,and avoiding the risk of alienation of administrative interviews.