异地高考政策制定过程中的利益博弈分析

The Analysis of Benefit Game on Making Policy Process of the College Matriculation for Migrant Workers' Children

作为一个涉及利益复杂、冲突性较强、参与角色多元的政策议题,异地高考政策的形成受到中央政府决策层与地方政府执行层、中央政府决策层与城市户籍居民、中央政府决策层与流动人口利益博弈影响。从博弈论视角分析,文章的研究结论为:占进城务工人员主体的农民工群体在异地高考政策制定过程中处于"失语"状态;地方政府的公共服务供给能力与意愿在解决异地高考政策中占据主导作用;异地高考方案改革的关键是在保障进城务工人员随迁子女平等受教育权利和城市户籍居民子女教育利益间保持一定的张力;异地高考方案准入条件之公正性对改革合法性的支持至关重要。

As a matter of interest complexity,strong conflict,diverse roles involved in policy issues,the formation of college matriculation for migrant workers＇ children influenced by the game among central government decision- making level,local government executive level,urban permanent residents,and migrant workers. From the perspective of game theory,conclusions of this study are that farmer workers accounted for the main group of migrant workers are the ＂ absent＂ in the college matriculation policy- making process for migrant workers＇ children; the capacity and willingness of service supply of local government hold the main rights in the development of college matriculation policy- making process for migrant workers＇ children; the key to the reformation of the college matriculation for migrant workers ＇ children is a maintaining tension between migrant workers and urban permanent residents for gaining education rights; impartiality to the entrance condition of college matriculation for migrant workers＇ children is crucial to the legitimacy of the reform.