雅安4·20震后县级单元聚落生态研究

On Evaluation of Settlement Habitat after “4·20” Ya'an Earthquake Based on County Unit

宝兴是国际社会关注的重要生态功能区.在地震及次生灾害的影响下,宝兴县自然环境和人类聚落生境发生了很大变化.区域生境状态评价、聚落生态研究是灾后生态修复与城镇建设的关键.采用生态位的方法,利用遥感资料和GIS技术,开展宝兴县及其聚落生境的特征分析和垂直分异研究.结果表明：1宝兴县生境适宜性较高,生态环境良好,生境质量随海拔的升高呈现降低的趋势,适宜性好的生境多位于河流两侧、海拔1 001-2 800m的地带;2与山区地形、气候环境相适应,不同生境下的聚落生态位表现出显著的垂直地带性,其生态位面积随着海拔的升高呈现双峰型变化趋势,是山区居民长期适应山地环境的结果.研究结果可为震后生态恢复与聚落重建提供重要数据支撑.

Baoxing County is the important ecological function area concerned by international community.Under the influences of earthquakes and secondary disasters,the natural environment and settlement habitat have greatly changed.The habitat evaluation of region settlement is critical to ecological restoration and town construction after the earthquakes.Based on the method of niche,the characteristics and vertical differentiation of habitat of Baoxing County and its settlements have been studied by means of remote sensing data and GIS technology.The results show that 1）the ecological environment of Baoxing County is good,and habitat quality decreases as altitude increases,and the high suitability habitat is located at the both sides of rivers with altitudes from 1001 to 2800m;2）conformed with terrain and climate,the settlement niche under different habitat shows significant vertical zonality and its area presents bimodal pattern as altitude increases,which are the results of adaption of residents to mountainous environment.The paper can provide important data support for ecological restoration and settlement reconstruction.