“民有村管”:农村土地发展权的有效实现形式

“Household Owned and Rural Collective Economic Organization Managed”:Exploration on Effective Realization of Rural Land Development Right

农村土地发展权制度是有效保障农民参与土地增值收益分配之主体地位的重要途径。土地发展权制度源于英国,在美国得到进一步发展。通过梳理国外土地发展权制度的历史渊源,并结合我国实际情况,对现存关于我国农村土地发展权性质、归属及实现形式的观点进行驳析与补充,提出"民有村管"为我国农村土地发展权的有效实现形式,并建议从法定土地发展权、规范征地权的行使、减少行政干预、重视土地利用合理规划及建立监督机制等环节构建我国农村土地发展权的有效实现制度。

The system of rural land development is an important way to ensure farmers＇ participating in incremental benefits allocation.Originating from Britain,rural land development right system has got a major development in the United States.Representing the history of land right system overseas and analyzing the context in China,this paper disproved and discussed ideas existing currently about the nature,attaching pattern and realization form of rural land development and came up with some new findings.And then,it put forward a desirable realization form of rural land development right,namely the pattern in which the right is owned by farmer households and managed by rural collective economic organization.While coming to institution construction of rural land development right,we should start from the following five aspects：setting the right by legislation,regulating the use of eminent domain,reducing administrative intervention,emphasizing proper land use planning and establishing excellent supervising mechanism.