西北生态脆弱区居民生态补偿意愿研究

Inhabitants' Willingness to Pay in Northwestern Ecological Fragile Zone

对流域微观主体生态补偿意愿的研究有利于流域内生态补偿相关政策的制定与完善,实现全流域社会经济可持续发展。通过构建适合生态脆弱区实际的生态补偿意愿属性指标体系,利用选择实验法,对石羊河流域居民的生态补偿意愿进行了实证研究。对900份有效调查问卷,采用多项式Logit模型估计的结果表明:在自然景观比例、旅游指数、沙尘天气数、森林覆盖率、草地覆盖率、旱生植物面积、水量、水质以及家庭支出9个生态环境属性中,除旅游指数外,其他8个属性均显著影响受访者选择;边际支付意愿较大的属性分别是:自然景观比例、森林覆盖率和草地覆盖率;石羊河流域居民针对现状变化最佳改善方案的平均支付意愿为每年572.62元/户,全流域每年的支付意愿为2.8亿元。

A research on inhabitants＇ willingness to pay is helpful to the formulation and completeness of related ecological compensation policies and the sustainable development of the whole watershed.On constructing the willingness to pay attributes＇ index system for ecological fragile zone,this paper makes an empirical analysis of the inhabitants＇ willingness to pay in Shiyang River Basin using the Choice Experiments Method.The estimation results using the Multinomial Logit Model（MNL）on 900 valid questionnaires show that among the nine ecologicalenvironmental attributes including landscape ratio,tour ratio,sandstorm days,forest coverage,grassland coverage,xerophytes coverage,water quantity,water quality and cost,all attributes except tour ratio affect the respondents＇ choice greatly;the ecological environmental attributes with larger willingness to pay are landscape ratio,forest coverage and grassland coverage;the results from Compensating Surplus estimation show that the average WTP for the improvement scenario of the inhabitants in Shiyang River Basin is 572.62 Yuan per household and the overall WTP for the whole River Basin is 0.28 billionYuan.