白居易对权贵、皇权之纠弹与谏诤——以奏状为考察中心

Impeachment and Expostulation for the Nobles and Emperor——Study on Memorials Written by Bai Juyi

白居易于元和二年至元和六年以盩厔尉、左拾遗、京兆府户曹参军等职事官充翰林学士,以及于元和十五年至长庆二年任主客郎中、知制诰和中书舍人期间创作了四卷奏状。其中一部分是对贪暴枉法的宦官、节镇的揭斥纠弹,以及对失聪错断的宪宗的直谏劝阻,这类奏状明显体现出情激气盛的创作个性。白居易创作这些奏状的动因主要源于皇帝之激扬、拾遗之职责、儒者之担当。

Bai Juyi ever wrote four volumes of memorials to the throne from different reigns of the Emperor Yuanhe and Changqing, when he was made a Hanlin academician after serving in different steward posts in the government of Zhouzhi County and Jingzhao Fu. Of these memorials, some express serious disclosure and impeachment of the corrupted and atrocious eunuchs and military governors as well as frank expostulation for the Emperor Xianzong who used to reject advice and make wrong judgments. His memorials embody his writing style of fierce criticism with indignation. The motivation to write such memorials mainly results from the responsibility a Confucian should assume.