饲料发酵对饲料、猪粪中微量元素形态及粪臭素的影响（英文）

Effects of Feed Fermentation on Chemical Fractionation of Trace Elements in Feed and Pig Manure and Skatole Content in Pig Manure

[目的]促进种养结合及环保养殖。[方法]在母猪全价配合饲料中添加乳酸菌及枯草芽孢杆菌后厌氧发酵,研究饲料发酵对饲料、猪粪中铜、铁、锌、锰的化学形态及粪中粪臭素含量的影响。[结果]和未发酵饲料相比,发酵饲料和猪粪中醋酸提取态的铜、铁、锌、锰含量显著增加,还原态的铜、铁含量显著增加,氧化态的铜、铁含量显著减少(P<0.05),残渣态的铜含量无变化;饲料pH值显著降低,猪粪pH值显著升高(P<0.05);猪粪粪臭素浓度极显著降低(P<0.01);乳酸菌含量和淀粉酶、纤维素酶活性显著增加(P<0.05)。[结论]饲料发酵改变了饲料和猪粪中铜、铁、锌、锰的化学形态,减少了猪粪臭味。

[Objective] This study aimed to promote the combination of cultivation and livestock farming, and to explore an environment-protecting farming style. [Method]The effects of anaerobically fermented complete compound sow feed, added with Lactobacillus and Bacillus subtilis, on the chemical fractionation of copper, iron, zinc and manganese in feed and pig manure and skatole content in pig manure were investigated. [Result] Compared with those in the non-fermented feed, in the fermented feed and pig manure, the acetic acid-extractable copper, iron, zinc and manganese contents increased significantly（P0.05）, the reduced copper and iron contents increased significantly（P 0.05）, the oxidized copper and iron contents reduced significantly（P0.05）, and the residual copper contents remained unchangeable（P0.05）. The pH value of fermented feed decreased significantly（P0.05）, and that of pig manure increased significantly（P0.05）. The skatole content in pig manure decreased significantly（P 0.01）. The Lactobacillus abundance and amylase and cellulase activity increased significantly（P 0.05）. [Conclusion] The fermentation of feed changed the chemical fractionation of copper, iron, zinc and manganese in feed and pig manure, and reduced the manure odor.