高温下丝瓜砧木对嫁接黄瓜生长、产量及果实品质的影响

Effects of luffa rootstock on growth,yield and fruit quality of cucumber under high temperature

为了探究嫁接对黄瓜生长、产量及果实品质的影响,将荷兰型短黄瓜‘春秋王2号’嫁接到‘五叶香’丝瓜砧木上,对植株田间生长、发病情况及后期产量、品质进行了测定。结果表明,移栽后的丝瓜嫁接苗在各时期测定的植株高度、茎粗度、叶片数、叶面积及净光合速率(Pn)都大于黄瓜自根砧嫁接苗,且病毒病发病率低,始花期比自根砧嫁接苗提早6 d,早期产量也较自根砧嫁接苗高,但后期增产不明显;果实中维生素C及可溶性蛋白含量与自根砧嫁接苗相差不大,可溶性糖含量显著降低,但游离氨基酸含量显著升高,说明以‘五叶香‘丝瓜为砧木嫁接黄瓜,在一定程度上能提高高温季节下黄瓜的产量,且该嫁接使得果实中游离氨基酸含量增加,提高了黄瓜的营养价值。

In orcler to research the effect of grafting on the growth, yield and quality, we used cucumber cultivar ＇Chunqiu- wang No. 2＇ grafted on ＇Wuyexiang＇ luffa rootstock. The plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, leaf number, daily mean air temperature, daily mean root-zone temperature, Pn and early yield, virus disease incidence rates, first flowering date, vitamin C, soluble protein content, free amino acid contents, soluble sugar contents were measured. The results indicated that ＇ Wuyexiang＇ luffa rootstock had higher stem diameter, plant height , leaf area , leaf number , Pn and early yield, vi- res disease incidence rates, first flowering date than cucumber self-root grafted plants. The difference of vitamin C and sol- uble protein content between them was not significant. The free amino acid contents of the frowner ones were higher than the latter ones, but the soluble sugar contents had a reverse trend. Therefore, ＇ Wuyexiang＇ luffa rootstock, to a certain extent, can improve the yield of cucumber in the high temperature season and cucumber nutritional value.