《吕氏春秋》“痏”“■”“疛”病症名词考释

Research of Terms of Illness in Mister LYU's Spring and Autumn Annals:Wei,Mie,Zhou

《吕氏春秋》是先秦时期的重要典籍,该书内容广博,其中记载有病症名词60余个,且大量出现在同时期或之后的中医古籍中。通过对其中"痏""■""疛"三个病症名词的探讨,考证其字义,确定其在具体语境中的意义,探究当时疾病的病因,并与《内经》进行比较,从而得出:痏,在《吕氏春秋》中作"痟",意为痟瘦,在《内经》中有三种含义:针孔;针刺的次数;穴位。■,在《吕氏春秋》中意为目眵,且首见于《吕氏春秋》,在《内经》中未出现。疛,在《吕氏春秋》中意为腹疾,在《内经》中未出现,而是直接用"腹满""腹胀""腹痛""腹胀满"等词表示,意义指代更明确。

Mister LYU’s Spring and Autumn Annals is an important book in the pre-Qin period. The book is rich in content,including about more than 60 kinds of terms of illness,most of which appeared in the TCM ancient books in the same period or afterwards.This paper only select three terms of illness that is Wei（Skin ulcer）,Mie（eye gunk）and Zhou（Abdominal diseases）. Through the research and analysis to the three terms of illness,determining the meaning of them,exploring the causes of disease at that time,and comparing with The Medical Classic of the Yellow Emperor,we drew the following conclusions：Wei means emaciation in Mister LYU’s Spring and Autumn Annals,and there are three new meanings in The Medical Classic of the Yellow Emperor：pinhole,the number of needle,acupoint.Mie means eye gunk in Mister LYU’s Spring and Autumn Annals and doesn’t be appeared in The Medical Classic of the Yellow Emperor. It is worth noting that Mie is first found in Mister LYU’s Spring and Autumn Annals. Zhou means abdominal disease in Mister LYU’s Spring and Autumn Annals,does not be appeared in The Medical Classic of the Yellow Emperor,but directly use＂abdominal fullness＂＂abdominal distension＂＂abdominal pain＂＂abdominal distension and fullness＂and soon. Their syndrome types of TCM are more comprehensive and they refer to more specific meanings.