基于元胞自动机的施工区道路车辆换道点研究

Research of vehicle lane changing point on the construction area road based on cellular automata

为了研究城市道路施工区车辆的运行状态,结合施工区的特点,以元胞自动机NaSch模型为基础,加入跟驰规则及换道模型,模拟车辆在城市道路上行驶遇到施工区之后的换道行为,分析车辆在不同换道点换道所引起的施工区道路交通状况变化,以及高、低峰时段车辆对换道点的最佳选择。Matlab仿真结果表明,低峰时段车辆总密度较低,此时换道成功率高,车辆换道不宜过早;车流密度达到一定程度后,车辆的最佳换道点应随着车流密度的增加而逐渐提前,这可在一定程度上减少车辆拥堵时间;高峰时段车辆密集,车辆总密度过高,此时换道成功率低,换道点提前已无法缓解拥堵,车辆需绕道而行。

To study the vehicle＇s running state in the urban construction area,vehicle lane changing behavior was simulated with the characteristics of the urban construction area considered by means of the NaSch model of cellular automata,the car following model and the lane changing model when vehicles run into the urban construction area.The change in road traffic conditions caused by vehicle lane changing at different lane changing points was analyzed,and the optimum lane changing point for vehicles at peak time and at slack time were studied,respectively.Simulation results by Matlab show that,when vehicle density is low,namely slack time,vehicle lane changing success rate is high,hence vehicle lane changing should not be too early;with the increase in overall vehicle density,the vehicle needs to change lane gradually in advance,which can reduce congestion time at a certain degree;and when the total vehicle density is too high,that is,during rush hours,there is low success of lane changing and earlier lane changing is unable to ease the congestion,i.e.vehicles should choose other roads to avoid congestion.