神东矿区水土保持植物区系分析

Analysis on Flora of Soil and Water Conservation Plants in Shendong Mining Area

[目的]对神东矿区植物区系进行分析,为充分利用当地的植物资源,实现神东矿区资源开发与生态环境建设和谐发展提供理论依据。[方法]利用植物区系分析法,以神东矿区作为一个独立的植物区系单元,对该区种子植物进行了调查统计,以科、属、种的现代地理分布为基础,对这3个层次的地理分布类型分别进行了统计分析,探讨该植物区系的基本特征和区系属性等问题。[结果](1)神东矿区共有植物53科,135属,217种。菊科植物种类最多(35种),其次是豆科植物26种,禾本科植物18种,蔷薇科植物14种,科内只含一种植物的科有21个;(2)神东矿区有草本植物159种,木本植物有52种,神东矿区生长的的植物多为中生和旱生,其中中生植物有62种,旱生植物有32种;(3)神东矿区高等植物类群在分类等级上都具有丰富、复杂、古老、特有4种特性。[结论]神东矿区生态系统较为脆弱,但该区的植物物种仍较为丰富。

[Objective]Taking full utilization of the local plant resources in order to ensure the harmonious development of coal mining and eco-environment construction in Shendong area,the flora was elucidated.[Methods]The flora in Shendong mining area was regarded as a separated unit,the geographic distribution of seed plants were investigated and counted taxonomically by family,genera and species taxa;and the basic characteristics and the floristic attributes of the flora were elucidated.[Results]（1）Shendong mining area has a total of 53 families,135generals and 217 species wild higher plants.The feverfew has the most species of 35,and the next big family is Leguminosae,has 26species;and followed by the grass family and the rosaceous family,they have 18 and 14species,respectively.There are 21 families with only one specie.（2）Shendong area has 159 families of grass plants and 52 families of woody plants.And most of them belong to the xerophyte and mesophyte,including 32 and 62families,respectively.（3）The taxa is high and is characterized by abundant,complex,ancient and unique.[Conclusion]Shendong mining area has a relatively high plant diversity,which provided an important plant basis for suitable development and usage of coal resource and vegetation restoration in this area,although ecosystem is relatively fragile.