江苏省产业结构的水环境污染响应

Responses of Water-environment to Industry Structure in Jiangsu Province

[目的]分析不同水污染因子的空间分布,为江苏省产业结构调整与水环境污染响应研究提供依据。[方法]以分析估算农业面源污染和工业点源污染等产业结构的污染负荷为基础,以县(市、区)为评价单元,构建综合反映产业结构对水环境污染影响的复合型水环境污染指标体系,利用主成分分析法与聚类分析法进行评价分析。[结果](1)总体上,江苏省化肥施用强度和农药施用强度空间分布大致相当,单位面积废水排放较集中。(2)单位面积废水排放比较高的区域主要集中在江苏省各地级市主城区以及周边部分县市单元。(3)江苏省单位面积工业COD排放总体空间分布呈北高南低的态势。[结论](1)工业化进程是影响区域水环境污染的最大因素,但水环境恶化是多种因素共同作用的结果;(2)江苏省南北地区各水环境污染等级综合得分大小顺序为:苏南>苏中>苏北,与江苏省南北经济发展水平表现出一定的同步性。

[Objective]The spatial distribution of different pollution factors was analyzed to provide bases for the adjustment of industrial structure and the control of water pollution in Jiangsu Province.[Methods]Based on the analysis of the pollution load of agricultural non-point source pollution and industrial point source pollution,with county（city,district）as the evaluation unit,an index system that can comprehensively reflect the influences of industrial structure on water pollution was built to evaluate and analyze the environmental pollution using methods of clustering analysis and principal component analysis.[Results]（1）Overall,the spatial distribution of the intensity of chemical fertilizers and pesticide application is approximately equal,the discharge of waste water per unit area is more concentrated in Jiangsu Province.（2）Area of wastewater discharge from the unit area is mainly concentrated in the main cities and the surrounding counties of Jiangsu Province.（3）The overall spatial distribution of emissions from industrial COD in unit area of Jiangsu Province is showed that south area higher than south area.[Conclusion]（1）The process of industrialization is the important factor of water environment pollution,but the water environment pollution is the result of many factors.（2）Water environmental pollution level comprehensive score of Jiangsu Province is in the fllowing order：south area〉middle area〉north area,and water environmental pollution spatial distribution and level of economic development shows certain synchronicity.