美国专利侵权损害赔偿额的计算及借鉴意义

The Calculation of Damages for Patent Infringement in the United States and Its Significance

美国专利法对专利侵权损害赔偿数额的计算,是以专利权人所失利益和合理的专利使用费作为规范基础的。权利人可以提出各种方法来证实其所失利益或合理使用费的数额,在所失利益的举证上,专利权人应首先证明其所失利益与侵权行为之间的因果关系,否则,只能请求法院酌定合理的专利使用费。近年来,由于各种计算方法的精细化,大量的经济学、会计学计算方法及原理原则,在个案中被律师广泛采用,使得美国专利侵权损害赔偿数额的计算呈现高度精细化发展的趋势。反观我国专利法及相关司法解释对专利侵权损害赔偿数额的计算还比较粗糙,欠缺科学性,而美国专利法及法院判例对专利侵权损害赔偿数额的计算可以为我国提供有益的借鉴。

In the United States, the calculation of the compensation amount of the Patent Law on patent infringement is based on the patentee＇s lost profits and reasonable patent royalties. The obligee can propose various methods to confirm the amount of lost profits and the reasonable patent royalties. In the process of proving the proof for the lost profits, the patentee should first prove the causal relationship between the lost benefits and the tort; otherwise, what the patentee can do is to request the court to make a reasonable discretion of patent royalties. In recent years, due to the refinement of various calculation methods, a lot of economics, accounting calculation methods and principles are widely used by individual lawyer in individual case, so that making the calculation more accurate. In contrast, the amount calculation of the patent law of China and the relevant judicial interpretation of patent infringement compensation is relatively rough and is lack of scientificity. For this perspective, the method of amount calculation of US can provide a useful reference for our country.