不同饲料蛋白来源对犊牛能量及蛋白代谢的影响

Effects of Different Protein Sources for Energy and Protein Metabolism in Calves

选择品种来源一致、发育良好、体重(143.17±8.89)kg的4月龄中国荷斯坦早期断奶公犊9头,随机分为3组,分别饲喂以豆粕、1/2豆粕+1/2玉米蛋白粉、玉米蛋白粉为蛋白质主要来源的犊牛料,采用消化、代谢试验探索不同蛋白来源对犊牛能量和蛋白代谢的影响。结果显示,以豆粕、1/2豆粕+1/2玉米蛋白粉、玉米蛋白粉分别作为蛋白质主要来源的3种犊牛料,蛋白质的表观消化率、沉积量和BV差异不显著,平均分别为(65.89±1.86)%、(203.31±14.13)g/d、(45.25±1.54)%;总能消化率、消化能转化为代谢能效率、代谢能用于沉积的效率相近,平均相应为(72.16±1.36)%、(88.34±0.18)%、(68.14±0.30)%。本试验结果表明玉米蛋白粉作为犊牛料的蛋白质饲料来源,对犊牛蛋白质和能量的消化代谢及有效利用可达到与蛋白质比价相对较高的豆粕相似的效果,可作为犊牛料理想的蛋白质饲料来源。

In order to explore the effects of different protein sources on energy and protein metabolism in calves,nine 4-month-old Chinese male Holstein calves which were well-developed,and early weaning with body weight of 143.17 ± 8.89 kg,were randomly divided into three groups,and subjected to the trials,i.e. by feeding soybean meal（ SBM）,1/2soybean meal＋1/2corn gluten meal（ 1/2SBM＋1/2CGM）,corn gluten meal（ CGM） as main protein sources. The digestion and metabolism experiments were conducted by collecting feces and urine to detect the effects of different protein sources on metabolism of energy and protein in calves.The results showed that the soybean meal,1/2＋1/2 soybean meal or corn gluten meal gave significant difference in the apparent protein digestibility,BV and deposited amount,whose average values were 65.89 ± 1.86%,203.31 ± 14.13 g/d,and 45.25 ± 1.54% respectively.The digestibility of GE,conversion efficiency of ME/DE and growth efficiency of ME were similar,whose average values were 72.16±1.36%,88.34±0.18% and68. 14 ± 0. 30%,respectively. Thus,corn gluten meal could achieve the similar effect as soybean meal which possessed a relatively high protein price ratio,and might be used as a cost-effective protein source in calf starter.