不同碳酸钙填充聚氯乙烯复合材料力学性能研究

Study on Mechanical Properties of PVC Composites Filled with Different Types of Calcium Carbonate

用直接填充分散法(熔融共混法)将微米、亚微米、纳米、纳米包覆微米级复合(微-纳米复合)碳酸钙(CaCO_3)填充到聚氯乙烯(PVC)基体中,制备出不同配比的PVC/CaCO_3复合材料,测量并对比分析了不同复合材料体系的力学性能,计算了复合材料的界面黏结强度。结果表明:多数情况下,PVC/CaCO_3复合材料比纯PVC具有更好的力学性能;改性CaCO_3比未改性CaCO_3填充的PVC复合材料的力学性能更高;纳米包覆重质CaCO_3比普通重质CaCO_3填充的PVC复合材料的力学性能更好;在四种CaCO_3样品中,普通轻质CaCO_3和超细轻质CaCO_3填充PVC复合体系的力学性能相对较好;就界面黏结强度而言,超细轻质CaCO_3与基体树脂的界面黏结强度最高,普通轻质CaCO_3的最低,纳米包覆CaCO_3(通过化学方法在重质CaCO_3表面生成纳米级CaCO_3)与PVC基体树脂的界面黏结强度比重质CaCO_3的高,改性后的CaCO_3与基体的界面黏结强度均有所提高。

The polyvinyl chloride（PVC） composites filled by micro-calcium carbonate（CaCO3）, submicroCaCO3, nano-CaCO3 and nano-coating micron CaCO3 powder were prepared by the method of melt blending process. The mechanical properties, the tensile, impact and bending properties of the PVC/CaCO3 composites were tested. The interfacial interaction strength between the CaCO3 particle and the PVC matrix was measured. The results show that the mechanical properties of the PVC/CaCO3 composites are better than the ones of the pure PVC in the most conditions; the mechanical properties of the surface treated CaCO3 filled PVC composites are better than the ones of the non-surface treated CaCO3 filled PVC composites. The mechanical properties of the PVC composites filled with nano-coating micron heavy CaCO3 are all better than the ones of the he PVC composites filled with heavy CaCO3; among the four types of CaCO3, the mechanical properties of the PVC composites filled common light CaCO3 and ultrafine light CaCO3 are relatively better; as the interfacial interaction strength, the strength between the ultrafine light CaCO3 and the PVC matrix is maximum, the strength between the common light CaCO3 and the PVC matrix is minimum, the strength between the nano-coating micron heavy CaCO3 and the matrix is bigger than that between the micron heavy CaCO3 and the matrix, the strength between the CaCO3 after being treated and the matrix increases.