北京丰台儿童全血微量与常量元素结果分析

Analysis of whole blood trace-and macro-elements levels of children from Fengtai District in Beijing

目的探讨丰台区0-12岁儿童常见微量元素（铜、锌、铁元素）与常量元素（钙、镁元素）的缺乏状况及预防措施。方法选取2012年1月-2014年8月来军事医学科学院附属医院健康体检的0-12岁儿童1797例,其中男童1087例,女童710例,采用原子吸收光谱法分别对其全血中的铜、锌、钙、镁、铁5种必需元素进行检测,观察比较不同性别及不同年龄段（0-1、〉1-2、〉2-3、〉3-5、〉5-12岁）的儿童5种必需元素检测情况。结果不同性别儿童的锌、钙、铜、镁、铁含量差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;不同年龄组间锌、铁的含量比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,而钙、铜、镁比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论在5种微量元素中儿童易缺少钙、锌、铁3种元素,锌、铁元素含量随年龄增长而增加,钙元素随年龄增长而出现下降趋势,但不显著。这5种元素各年龄段缺乏率各不相同,应引起儿科医生及家长重视。

Objective To investigate the deficiency situation of blood trace-（Cu, Zn, Fe） and macro-（Ca, Mg） elements in 0-12 years old children and its preventive procedures. Methods From January 2012 to August 2014, 1797 children（1087 male, 710 female） aged 0-12 years old were selected. Whole blood levels of 5 elements including Cu, Zn, Ca,Mg and Fe were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The results from different groups were analyzed with sexual and age（0-1, 1-2, 2-3, 3-5, 5-12 years old） consideration. Results The results from statistical analysis suggested that the sexual differences of whole blood levels of 5 elements were no statistically significant differences（P〈 0.05）, whereas the age differences for Zn and Fe had statistically significant differences（P〈 0.05）, while that of Ca, Cu and Mg had no statistically significant differences（P〉 0.05）. Conclusion Among these elements, deficiency of Ca, Zn and Fe in whole blood of children is very common, the blood levels of Zn and Fe elevated when children grew up,while that of Ca shows a trend of decline without statistical significance. The deficiency of these 5 elements varied among different age groups of children, which must be carefully considered by pediatric doctors and parents.