农业规模经营、劳动力资源配置与农民收入增长——基于赣、粤的经验

Scale Management of Agriculture,Allocation of Labor Resources,and Increase of Farmers' Income: Based on Experience of Jiangxi and Guangdong

中国经济发展进入新常态,新形势下农民收入贡献来源有待挖掘。在农业现代化发展背景下,要解决我国农业劳动生产率低下的问题,促进农民收入增长,农业规模经营是必经之路。从农户家庭经济资源配置的角度,使农业规模经营和劳动力资源配置两条路径双管齐下,分析影响农民收入增长的关键因素。基于江西、广东1 134份农户的调查数据,构建多元有序回归模型,剖析赣、粤的区域差异;另外,将农户家庭分为务农、兼业、务工3种类型,探索其收入增长来源的异同。同时,考虑农民收入结构和地区虚拟变量的影响,从土地和劳动力资源配置的市场化参与程度,来探讨农民收入增长的新路径,以期从农地制度、经营制度、产权制度方面促进农民收入增长。

As China＇ s economy development ushers in the new normal,it is necessary to tap new sources to contribute to farmers＇ income. In the Context of agricultural modernization, scale management is the only way to resolve the problem of low productivity of agricultural labor in China and increase farmers＇ income.This arti- cle, from the perspective of economic resources allocation of farming households, analyzed the key factors which affect the growth of farmers＇ income along the two paths of the agricultural scale management and the allocation of labor resources. Based on survey data of 1 134 households collected in Jiangxi, and Guangdong, a multivariate ordinal regression model was built to study regional differences between the two provinces.In addition,the fami- lies were divided into three types：families of farming ,families involved in both farming and industry, and families of migrant workers, explore the differences in their sources for income growth.The influence of farmers＇ income structure and regional dummy variables were taken into consideration. New paths to help farmers to increase their income were explored based on the degree of market participation of both land and labor resources alloca- tion in terms of the agricultural land system, operating system, and property rights system.