明清时期的上海地区与海上丝绸之路贸易活动——兼论丝路贸易和殖民贸易的兴替

Shanghai and Trading Activities of Maritime Silk Road in Ming and Qing Dynasties——also on the Silk Road trading and substitution of colonial trade

古代上海地区的发展与海上丝绸之路贸易交流存在相当密切的关系,上海地区是海上丝绸之路交流活动的重要参与者,上海港也是海上丝绸之路中众多的丝绸贸易起点港之一。上海地区发展与海上丝绸之路兴衰的关系经历了三个阶段。在第三个阶段,明清时期,上海港作为国内大港的地位已经日益稳固,其参与海外活动仍然很积极,但面临明清禁海政策的反复限制与海上丝绸之路活动的整体衰落。在丝路贸易被殖民贸易取代的历史进程中,上海地区的贸易历史传统优势被西方人所注意。由于农业社会传统的牢固存在,古代上海没有产生真正的海洋城市和海洋文化。

The development of Shanghai had much to do with the trading activities of maritime Silk Road,and Shanghai port was one of the ports of destination of it. During the historical period when the Silk Road trade was substituted by colonial trade,the traditional advantages of Shanghai was noticed by the west.Due to the existence of agricultural social tradition,ancient Shanghai failed to generate maritime city and culture in its true sense.