复合材料风力机叶片刚度剪裁结构特性研究

Research on structural analysis of the elastic tailoring of composite wind turbine blade

复合材料风力机叶片的性能因铺层参数变化而不同,为了改善铺层方案,探讨了铺层参数对叶片结构性能的影响。基于有限元分析法,采用玻璃钢复合材料建立不同层合板结构,实现叶片材料的刚度剪裁,对1.5 MW风力机叶片铺层,并通过CFD软件模拟流场对叶片施加载荷,对叶片进行结构特性分析。对比不同铺层方式对叶片结构的影响,结果表明:叶片叶根处受到载荷最大,0°铺层纤维抗弯性能最佳;叶片几何突变区域强度主要受面内剪切应力影响,45°纤维具有最佳的抗剪能力;0°纤维起承载作用,±45°纤维起传递载荷的作用,0°和±45°纤维含量分别为90%和10%时,叶片变形量表面应力值最小,叶片整体性能较佳。

The performance of wind turbine blades vary with changes of lamination parameters. Influence of lamination parameter on structure performance of blade was analyzed. Based on the finite element method,using GFRP to build different laminates for elastic tailoring,they were taken into paving layer for 1. 5 MW blade,and by means of CFD simulated flow field,the load of blade was gotten,then its structural analysis was completed. Comparing the influence of different layers on the blade structure,the results showed that the root of blade under the maximum load,0° ply fibers had best anti-bending property; Geometric catastrophe of blade geometry was mainly affected by the shear stress in the plane,and the 45° fiber had the best shear resistance. 0° ply fibers played the role of bearing load,and ± 45° plies served to transfer load. When 0° and ± 45° fibers occupied 90% and 10% respectively,the value of blade stress was minimum and the overall performance of blade was better.