脑梗死患者医院感染回顾性调查及相关危险因素分析

A retrospective study of nosocomial infection and related risk factors in patients with cerebral infarction

目的探讨脑梗死患者医院感染的危险因素,为制定感染控制措施、降低医院感染率提供依据。方法对我院2014年1-12月神经内科收治的1638例脑梗死患者进行回顾性调查。结果 1638例患者医院感染128例,感染率7.81%。其中下呼吸道感染例数67例,占医院感染的52.34%。病原菌以革兰氏阴性菌为主,占59.66%。单因素分析结果显示,患者年龄、住院时间、意识状态、NIHSS评分、是否进行侵入性操作、是否使用抗酸剂、是否使用镇静剂、有无基础性疾病与医院感染相关(均P<0.05)。结论应针对脑梗死患者医院感染危险因素加强防控,预防脑梗死患者医院感染的发生。

Objective： To evaluate risk factor for nosocomial infection of cerebral infarction patients,and provide evidence for developing infection control measures. Methods： Data of 1638 patients who received treatment in neurology ward from Jan. to Dec. 2014 were reviewed and analyzed. Results： Among 1638 patients,128 patients acquired nosocomial infection,and the infection rate was 7. 81%; then 67 patients had lower respiratory tract infections,accounting for 52. 34% of the hospital infections. The most common pathogenic bacteria were gram-negative bacteria which accounted for 59. 66%.Univariate analysis showed that nosocomial infections were associated with age,hospitalization time,conscious state,NIHSS score,invasion operation,antacid,sedative,and basic disease（ P〈 0. 05,respectively）. Conclusion： Intensifying measures should be taken according to the risk factors of cerebral infarction patients,in order to prevent the occurrence of nosocomial infections.