航班起降波形分类及特征研究

Classification and characteristics of flights taking off and landing waveforms

以OAG航班计划数据为基础,对全球大型机场日客运航班的起降波形进行分析并归纳分类,得出锯齿形、梯形、早晚高峰形和叠加形4类航班波。同时,提出4个特征指标用于对航班起降波形进行评估,分别为高峰起降航班占比率、飞行架次标准差比值、高峰起降间隔时间和降落-起飞高峰配对数。以我国旅客吞吐量排名前10位的机场为例,分析各机场航班起降波形及其特征指标。研究结果表明:我国大型机场客运航班起降波形以早晚高峰形航班波为主,高峰起、降航班占比率均值分别为64.1%和59.0%,飞行架次标准差比值为0.12,日间运行时段尚未形成明显的降落-起飞高峰配对,与国际大型枢纽机场航班运作模式尚有一定差距。

The daily passenger flights taking off and landing waveforms of world＇s large airports were analysed and classified based on the OAG flight plan data. There were four kinds of flight waveforms： zigzag waveform,trapezoidal waveform,morning and night peak waveform and superposed waveform. Besides,four characteristic indexes were proposed to evaluate the flights taking off and landing waveforms,respectively for peak taking off and landing flights percentage,flight movements standard deviation ratio,taking off and landing peak interval and landing-taking off peak paired quantity. A case study on the top 10 airports by passenger throughput in China,flights taking off and landing waveforms and their characteristic indexes were analysed. The result shows that the passenger flights taking off and landing waveforms of large airports in China are mainly morning and night peak waveforms. The average peak taking off and landing flights percentage are 64. 1% and 59. 0% respectively. The average flight movements＇ standard deviation ratio is 0. 12. During the running time,the vast majority of airports have not yet formed clear landing-taking off peak pairing. There is still a some difference between the large international hub airport and ours in terms of flights operation mode.