PV/T集热器优化设计及实验

Optimization design and experimental study on collector of photovoltaic/thermal

光伏/光热(photovoltaic/thermal collector,PV/T)集热器是光伏光热系统的关键部件,其性能好坏直接决定着太阳能综合利用率的高低,因此PV/T集热器的设计对光伏光热系统的性能研究有着重要的作用。本文对PV/T集热器结构和传热热阻进行了分析,采用Fluent软件对不同的辐照度、结构尺寸和流量共75种工况下的PV/T集热器的热性能进行了数值模拟;并对PV/T集热器进行了优化设计,根据设计结果搭建了试验台,对PV/T集热器的集热效率与发电效率进行了研究。研究结果表明:集热器内最佳冷却水流量为0.008kg/s,光伏电池和集热面积最佳比D/W=0.4。随着归一化温差的增大,PV/T集热器的光电效率与集热效率均不断降低,光电效率预测值与实验值的最大误差22.5%,平均集热效率0.63,最大集热效率达到0.75。

The photovoltaic/thermal（PV/T） collector is a critical component of the photovoltaic thermal system. Performance quality directly decides high or low of comprehensive utilization of solar energy. Therefore, the design of the PV/T collector has an important role on research in the performance of the photovoltaic solar-thermal system. In this paper,the analysis structure and heat resistance of the PV/T collector,simulation of the thermal performance of the PV/T collector in aluminum tube plate under 75 kinds of working conditions,including irradiance types,structure size and flow conditions by using the Fluent software,and optimal design for the PV/T collector,according to the result of design to build the test rig,the collection efficiency and power efficiency of PV/T collector were studied. The results showed that the better cooling water flow rate（Q=0.008kg/s） and area ratio（D/W=0.4） of the collector were obtained. With the increase of the normalized temperature difference,the photoelectric efficiency and the collection efficiency of PV/T collector decreased. The maximum error of the predicted values and experimental values of the photoelectric efficiency was 22.5 percent. The average collection efficiency is 0.63. The county thermal efficiency reaches 0.75.