不同有机附加物对铁皮石斛原球茎增殖和组培苗生根壮苗的影响

Effect of Different Organic Appendices on Protocorm Multiplication and Seedlings Rooting and Growth-promoting of Dendrobium officinale

有机附加物在铁皮石斛组培过程中起着重要作用,扩大天然有机物种类的研究范围将有可能挖掘到更多促进生长的附加物。本研究在铁皮石斛原球茎增殖和组培苗生根壮苗过程中,将多种天然有机物进行组合添加,探索具促进作用的有机附加物新种类和新组合。在原球茎增殖培养基中添加100 g/L土豆汁与100 g/L其他有机物(香蕉汁、玉米汁、西瓜汁、荔枝汁及小麦面粉),以土豆汁与玉米汁对增殖的促进效果最佳(平均增殖5.66倍,鲜重提高4.12倍),而分化程度较低(分化率67.9%,排第3),适合作为原球茎继代培养前期的添加成分。添加土豆汁与小麦面粉,原球茎分化率(平均95.1%)和鲜重增加(平均5.35倍)最高,分化苗健壮度最高,适合作为原球茎继代培养后期的添加成分。在组培苗生根壮苗期间,添加100 g/L香蕉汁与100 g/L其他有机物(土豆汁、玉米汁、西瓜汁、荔枝汁及小麦面粉),以香蕉汁与小麦面粉为最佳有机附加物,平均生根率96.6%,平均根长4.82 cm,与其他组合差异极显著;组培苗健壮度、整齐度也最高。玉米汁和小麦面粉都是取材于种子,富含多种营养物质,其在石斛组培过程的促进作用尚未有人报道过。本研究结果将对提高铁皮石斛瓶苗质量,缩短培养周期具有一定现实意义。

Organic appendices play an important role in the tissue culture of Dendrobium officinale and more organic appendices with optimum effect may be found out with broader screening. Several natural organic compounds were combined and added in the medium in the course of subculture multiplication and rooting to explore new organic appendices and combinations with promotive action. Potato juice of 100 g / L and other organic appendices of 100 g / L（ banana juice,maize juice,watermelon Juice,litchi juice and wheat flour） were added in the multiplying medium. Potato juice and maize juice had optimum effect on the multiplication of protocorm（ mean multiplying 5. 66 times and the fresh weight enhancing 4. 12 times）,while the differentiation degree was low（ with the 3rddifferenti-ation rate of 67. 9 %）,as the suitable additives in the early stage of protocorm subculture. Adding potato juice and wheat flour,the protocorm differentiation rate（ mean rate 95. 1 %） and the increase of fresh wheat（ mean 5. 35 times） were the highest,and the robustness of seedlings was also the highest,as the suitable additives at the later stage of protocorm subculture. During the period of rooting and growth-promoting,banana juice of 100 g / L and other organic appendices of 100 g / L（ potato juice,maize juice,watermelon juice,litchi juice and wheat flour） were added. Banana juice and wheat flour had optimum effect,mean rooting rate being 96. 6 %,mean root length being 4. 82 cm,very significantly different with others. Both maize and wheat flour were from plant seeds and were nourishing. Their promotive effects in tissue culture of D. officinale had not been reported. The results of this study had some realistic significance to improve the seedling quality and shorten the culture cycle of D. officinale.