知识产权行为保全中的担保和反担保——兼评最高人民法院《关于审查知识产权与竞争纠纷行为保全案件适用法律若干问题的解释(征求意见稿)》第9条、第11条

Guarantee and Counter-guarantee for Preliminary Injunction in IP Cases:Comments on the 9th Item and 11th Item of Draft Judicial Interpretation on Preliminary Injunction in IP Cases

行为保全担保的目的在于保障被申请人的利益,以及避免申请人滥用申请权利,而并非替代申请人的释明责任。担保数额应当相当于采取行为保全措施有可能给被申请人造成的损失。担保数额可以适当灵活掌握,且不能作为当事人赔偿数额的上限,否则与《民事诉讼法》相冲突。被申请人提供的担保足以弥补解除保全措施给申请人造成的损失,或者申请人同意的,可以裁定解除保全,但是解除保全措施给申请人造成的损害属于金钱难以弥补的除外。被申请人提供的担保,可以高于申请人提供的担保。

The purpose of Guarantee for preliminary injunction is to protect the respondent＇s interests and prevent the applicant from abusing its rights,rather than replace the explication obligation of the applicant.The amount of guarantee shall be equivalent to the loss of the respondent which is caused by the preliminary injunction.The amount of guarantee could be determined flexibly,and shall not be considered as the maximum of the compensation.Otherwise,it conflicts with the civil procedure law.If the respondent provides enough counter-guarantee to make up for the loss caused by the relief measures,or the applicant agrees,the court could cancel the preliminary injunction.However,it is exceptional if the damage caused by the relief measures is difficult to make up through money.The counter-guarantee provided by the respondent may be higher than the guarantee provided by the applicant.