番荔枝酚类提取物的抗菌抗氧化作用

Study on antibacterial and antioxidant activities of phenolic compounds extract from Annona squamosa L.

目的了解热带水果番荔枝酚类提取物对常见致病菌的抗菌及抗氧化性能。方法 80%的甲醇水提取番荔枝,采用高效液相测定番荔枝所含酚类物质,微量稀释法测定其对8种常见致病菌的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）及最小杀菌浓度（MBC）,对其抗菌活性进行评价;采用紫外可见分光光度计测定其氧化还原能力（FRAP）及清除自由基能力（TEAC）,对其抗氧化活性进行评价。结果番荔枝含有没食子酸、儿茶素、绿原酸、阿魏酸、槲皮素和木犀草素6种酚类物质,其中没食子酸含量最高为（256.52±14.33）mg/kg,绿原酸含量最低为（43.56±3.72）mg/kg。这些酚类物质对革兰阳性菌的MIC在0.63~5.00 mg/ml之间,MBC最低可达到1.25 mg/ml;对革兰阴性菌的MIC在2.50~5.00 mg/ml之间,MBC最低为2.50 mg/ml。没食子酸、儿茶素、阿魏酸及槲皮素的抗氧化活性明显高于维生素C。FRAP与TEAC结果相关性具有统计学意义（r=0.856,P〈0.05）。结论番荔枝可以成为天然抗菌抗氧化物质的一种选择。

Objective To study the antibacterial activity of phenolic compounds extract of Annona squamosa L. against common pathogenic bacteria and its antioxidant activity. Methods Annona squamosa L. were extracted by 80% methanol and detected by high performance liquid chromatographic method. We examined the minimum inhibitory concentration（MIC）and minimum bactericidal concentration（MBC） of extracts against eight kinds of target pathogens including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium by microdilution broth method. We also tested the FRAP and TEAC and evaluated its antioxidant activities, using ultraviolet and visible spectrophotometer. Results Six kinds of phenolic compounds such as gallic acid,（＋）-catechin, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, quercetin and luteolin were detected in Annona squamosa L. Gallic acid was the most abundant phenolic compound（256.52 ±14.33）mg/kg, while chlorogenic acid was the lowest（43.56±3.72）mg/kg. The MIC of the extract to Gram ＋ve bacteria was between 0.63~5.00 mg/ml and the MBC was 1.25 mg/ml,while the MIC of the extract to Gram-ve bacteria was between 2.50 ~5.00 mg/ml and the lowest MBC was 2.50 mg/ml.The antioxidant activities of gallic acid,（＋）-catechin, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid and quercetin were higher than that of ascorbic acid. FRAP was correlate to TEAC（r=0.856,P〈0.05）. Conclusion Annona squamosa L. can be used as a choice of natural antibacterial and antioxidant substances.