成人急性下呼吸道感染中直接免疫荧光法病毒抗原检测结果分析

Virus antigens analysis on acute lower respiratory infections in adult patients using direct immunoflurescence assay

目的了解新疆地区成人急性下呼吸道感染住院患者7种病毒分布情况。方法选择2013年1月到2015年1月收治急性下呼吸道感染的成人住院患者,采集鼻咽深部分泌物,用直接免疫荧光法检测呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、腺病毒(ADV)、流感病毒A型(Inf A)、流感病毒B型(Inf B)以及副流感病毒1、2、3型(PIV1、2、3)7种呼吸道常见病毒抗原。结果 542例患者中阳性128例,阳性率为23.6%,混合感染83人,占64.8%,其中以腺病毒(ADV)69株(占25.6%)和呼吸道合胞病毒53株(RSV)(占19.6%)为主;60岁以上的患者呼吸道病毒的检出率及混合感染率最高;病毒感染存在季节间的差异,成人下呼吸道病毒感染以冬、春两季为高发季;病毒感染所导致疾病以慢性支气管炎急性加重期、支气管哮喘并感染、急性支气管炎和肺炎为主;结论病毒感染是成人下呼吸道感染中常见的病原体,病毒感染随不同年龄、季节、基础疾病等呈现不同的分布特点。

Objectives To analyze the distribution of seven Viruses in acute lower respiratory infections of adult patients usingdirect immunoflurescence assay. Methods 542 cases who underwent acute lower respiratory infections since January 2011 to January2015 were Collected. All of them were tested about seven kinds of Virus antigens,including RSV、ADV、Inf A、Inf B 、PIV1、PIV2 andPIV3 through direct immunoflurescence assay. Results There were 128 cases who were detected to be positive in 542 patients under-going acute lower respiratory infections,the detection rate was 23.6%. Among them,there were 69 cases who were infected by ADVstrains（accounting for 25.6%）and 12 cases who were infected RSV strains（accounting for 19.6%）,which were dominant in sevenkinds of Viruses. Furthermore,there were 83 cases（accounting for 64.8%）who were mixed infection;Patients older than 60 years oldaccounted for the highest detection rate and mixed infection rate. Of course,infections of virus were more prevalent in winter and inspring than in other seasons;Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,bronchial asthma,acute bronchitis andpneumonia were main diseases caused by these viruses. Conclusions Virus is the most common pathogen causing acute lower respi-ratory infections in adult patients. Virus infection shows different distributions when ages of patients,season,other underlying diseas-es were different.