急性感染性肠炎病原检测结果与分析

Pathogen detection and analysis of 1069 cases of acute infectious enteritis

目的探索急性感染性肠炎致病菌类型及流行病学特征,为科学预防感染性腹泻提供科学依据。方法2014年5月到2015年4月收集医院1 069例急性感染性肠炎患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,对培养出的致病菌属特征及流行情况进行统计描述和分析。结果1 069例腹泻病患者粪便样本中共检测出病原菌364株,阳性率为34.05%,未检出霍乱弧菌;检出志贺菌属198株,占54.39%,其中宋内志贺菌最多,共169株,占46.42%,福志贺菌29株,占7.98%;大肠埃希菌17株,占4.68%;副溶血性弧菌57株,占15.65%;沙门菌92株,占25.27%。16例患者进行诺如病毒检测,阳性6例(37.50%)。临床诊断菌痢者803例,细菌培养阳性476例,阳性率为59.28%,而感染性腹泻1 069例,细菌培养阳性356例,阳性率为33.30%,临床诊断菌痢患者病原菌培养阳性率明显高于感染性腹泻患者,差异有统计学意义(χ2=70.48,P<0.05)。结论急性感染性肠炎主要以志贺菌感染为主,病发的高发期在8月和9月份。

Objectives To determine the types and the characteristics of pathogenic bacteria in acute infectious enteritis and to provide scientific evidence for the prevention of infectious diarrhea. Methods Specimens from 1,069 patients with acute infectious diarrhea who were seen at this Hospital from May 2015 to May 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.The characteristics of pathogenic bacteria were identified and their prevalence was statistically analyzed. Results In the fecal samples from 1 069 patients,364strains of bacteria were detected.Vibrio cholerae was not detected.Seventeen strains of Escherichia coli were detected,57 strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus were detected,92 strains of Salmonella were detected,and 198 strains of Shigella were detected.Two types of pathogenic bacteria were detected in 8patients.Bacterial infection was detected at a rate of 34.05%（356/1069patients）.The incidence of acute infectious diarrhea peaked in September（when 53.38% of cases were diagnosed）and August（when 52.80% of cases were diagnosed）. Conclusion An analysis of patients with acute infectious enteritis at this Hospital indicated that primary pathogen was Shigella and that the incidence of acute infectious diarrhea peaked in August and September.