女性、历史与乌托邦——论格非“江南三部曲”中的女性书写

Female,History and Utopia on the female writing in Ge Fei's Jiangnan Trilogy

"江南三部曲"中,格非塑造了一系列悲剧性的优美女性人物形象。这些女性,都是一些失败的理想主义者,她们要么投身乌托邦历史实践,遭受惨重失败;要么被乌托邦时代所吞噬,遭受灭顶之灾;要么经历后乌托邦时代理想幻灭后的痛苦、迷茫与挣扎,人性出现蜕变。她们都是现实生活中的"另类",要么被人视为"疯子",要么是个"孤儿",要么是个内心充满屈辱的"失败者",要么是个性格心理扭曲、变异的"非人"。这种女性悲剧命运的书写,表明格非写作向中国小说叙事传统的回归,也与他一贯的"历史个人化"叙事策略有关。格非对这些女性悲剧命运的书写,表明其写作向中国小说叙事传统的回归,是在用女性的生命体验历史,探究乌托邦。

In Jiangnan Trilogy, Ge Fei created a series of graceful but extremely tragic female characters, who are all totally failed idealists. Some of them strive hard to realize a utopian society,but resulting in heavy failure. Some of them are devoured by the utopian dream,inevitably leading to a catastrophe. Others suffer lots of pain, confuse and struggle after the utopian ideal is ruined,ending in twisted humanity. These women are either considered as weird,or regarded as lunatic,or unfortunately orphaned,or treated as completely loser, or turned into psychology-distorted inhuman. Ge Fei＇s writing of women＇s tragic destiny illustrates his return to the narrative tradition of classic Chinese novels. This choice is also due to his consistent strategy of historical personalization, which means presenting history and exploring utopia through these impressive women in Jiangnan Trilogy.