某部肺结核发病感染情况及其危险因素分析

Investigation of Risk Factors of Tuberculosis Onset in an Army

目的了解某部队肺结核的发病情况及其危险因素,为制订结核病防控措施提供依据。方法于2013年1月-2014年6月对某部队上报的肺结核病例进行个案调查,并对可能的危险因素进行统计分析。结果在调查的94名病例中,误诊率为10.6%(10/94)、旧病例重复报告率为4.3%(4/94),新发80例。以新发肺结核80例为试验组,另取健康者80例为对照组。病例发病年龄以20岁到30岁居多,病例平均年龄为27.0岁;以咳嗽、发热、咳痰、胸闷为主要症状;1周内确诊者占72.5%(58/80);1周至半年确诊者占23.8%(19/80),半年以上确诊者占3.8%(3/80)。多因素logistic分析显示,经常吸烟者感染的危险性是基本不吸烟者的2.473倍,没有卡介苗免疫史者患肺结核的危险性是接种过卡介苗者的2.317倍。结论 80名肺结核病例呈散发趋势,吸烟和没有接种卡介苗是该病的主要危险因素。

Objective To learn the tuberculosis incidence and its risk factors in a force, so as to provide an evidence for making measures for control and prevention of tuberculosis. Methods Onset cases of tuberculosis re- ported by an army from January 2013 to June 2014 were surveyed, and possible risk factors were statistical ana- lyzed. Results In the 94 reported cases, the misdiagnosis rate was 10.64% （10/94） , the old cases （ report dupli- cate） accounted for 4.26% （4/94） , 80 reported cases were new-onset tuberculosis cases. The 80 cases of new-on- set tuberculosis and 80 control cases were collected and investigated. Patients＂ age was mainly at 20 to 30 years, the average age was 27.0 years old. The main symptoms of patients were cough, fever, sputum, chest tightness. 72.5% （58/80）of patients was diagnosed within a week, 23.8% （19/80） in one week to six months, 3.8% （3/80） in six months or more. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of regular smokers was 2. 473 times as much as the nonsmokers, that those who did not have BCG immunization history was 2. 317 times as much as the risk who had BCG immunization. Conclusion The epidemic situation of these 80 tuberculosis cases is sporadic without apparent outbreaks in this army ; smoking and no BCG vaccination are the main risk factors of tuberculosis.