摘要
重症患者由于受心理、环境、疾病、药物等多因素影响，易诱发谵妄，发生率高达45％～87％，对患者预后及后期认知功能造成严重的不良后果。右美托咪定（DEX）是一种新型高选择性α2-肾上腺素能受体激动剂，由于其独特的药理学特点而广泛应用于重症加强治疗病房（ICU）。通过回顾有关DEX防治ICU谵妄作用的国内外研究，针对患者自身、急性疾病、医源性或环境等影响因素，以及DEX的药理特点，结合DEX在临床中应用效果，从调节神经递质、抑制应激反应及炎症反应等方面，探讨DEX的可能作用机制，为DEX防治ICU谵妄提供参考依据。
In the clinical practice, critically ill patients are in great risk of delirium because of the impact of psychological, surroundings, illness, and medications, with the incidence rate as high as 45%-87%. Delirium could result in bad prognosis and clinical consequences of cognitive function in late stage. Dexmedetomidine （DEX） is a novel and highly selective 2-adrenoceptor agonist. It offers beneficial pharmacological properties and has been widely used in intensive care unit （ICU）. In order to provide scientific and effective references for clinical practice, this paper reviewed the development of DEX intervention for the prevention of delirium in ICU both in China and abroad refereed to the pharmacological characteristics and the efficiency in clinic and the influence factors of the efficiency; and also discussed the possible mechanisms, such as modulating the nenrotransmitters, and attenuating stress response and inflammation.
出处
《中华危重病急救医学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第4期381-384,共4页
Chinese Critical Care Medicine
基金
国家自然科学基金（30972852）
中华医学会临床医学科研专项资金（11030150259）
