乡土社会仪式中的身体运动研究

A Study on Physical Exercise at Rural Rituals

运用文献调研、实地考察等研究方法,以特纳《仪式过程》理论为导向,以福建厦门"送王船"仪式中"阈限"范畴内的身体运动为研究对象,挖掘"送王船"仪式活动沿承的社会元素。认为,"送王船"仪式中"阈限"过程中的身体运动是该仪式活动的核心支撑及象征之展示。在人类发展过程中的原始宗教观促生了以肢体运动的象征寓意,以身体运动文化反应精神和心灵需求。这种肢体运动的内涵与外延,在海峡两岸关系和谐发展中具有积极的文化政治导向功能,对村落经济发展具有可视的补偿性功能,有利于实现村落传统文化功能激活,是时代发展中村民们的重要精神寄托,对农村劳动力素质培植将产生潜移默化的作用。

This paper aims to study the physical exercise in the＂threshold＂category reflected in＂Send the Boat＂in Xiamen of Fujian province and excavate the social elements hidden in the ritual. The paper uses such methods literature searches and field and draws upon theoretical guidance from Turner＇s The Ritual Process. It finds that the physical exercise in the＂threshold＂category has an important influence on the＂Send the Boat＂rituals. The symbolic meanings of body movement stem from the primitive religions in the process of human development,and physical culture is a reflection of spiritual or intellectual needs. However,the connotations and denotations of the limb movements can have positive cultural and political guiding functions in the harmonious development of cross-strait relations. They have a visible compensatory function in village economic development,are conducive to activating traditional village culture,play an important role in villagers＇ spiritual life in modern times,and exert a gradual influence on the quality of rural labor force.