肿瘤标记物及分子诊断技术在甲状腺微小癌诊治中应用价值

Utility of tumor markers and molecular testing technique in diagnosis and management of thyroid microcarcinoma

细针穿刺活检（FNAB）是甲状腺微小癌（TMC）术前诊断的金标准。由于技术上的局限性,目前仍有25%~30%的病例通过FNAB不能明确病变性质。甲状腺癌的发生与基因密切相关,从分子生物学角度研究肿瘤标记物及分子诊断技术在TMC中的应用,有望弥补FNAB诊断的不足,提高TMC诊断的敏感度和特异度。同时,通过分子生物学分析,有助于指导术前的危险分层、判断预后,从而选择最佳的初次治疗方案。

Thyroid fine needle aspiration is the gold standard for preoperative diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma. There are 25% to 30% cytological indeterminate thyroid nodules, which likely cannot be discriminated due to technical limitations of FNAB. With the significant progress of the pathogenesis of thyroid cancer based upon molecular biology aspects and rapid development of molecular testing techniques, the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment have gotten remarkable improvement. The development of the technologies is expected to make up for the deficiency of FNAB, conductive to assess the preoperative risk stratification, predict the prognosis and then optimize the initial treatment options.