巴南区居民健康素养水平及吸烟状况调查分析

Analysis of the Health Literacy Level and Smoking Status among Residents in Banan District

目的：了解重庆市巴南区居民健康素养水平和吸烟状况,为政府和卫生部门进行决策提供科学依据。方法：采用多阶段分层随机抽样法于2015年8月-2015年10月对重庆市巴南区240例15-69岁居民进行问卷调查。结果：受调查居民健康素养水平为12.1%,基本知识和理念、生活方式和行为、基本技能水平分别为16.7%、20.8%、12.9%,六类健康问题素养水平如下：科学健康观为41.3%,传染病预防为28.8%,慢性病预防为7.5%,安全与急救为47.1%,基本医疗为17.1%,健康信息为9.2%;居民吸烟率为29.6%（71/240）。多因素分析结果显示,文化程度（OR=3.307）和吸烟状况（OR=1.969）是影响该地区居民健康素养水平的主要因素。结论：巴南区居民健康素养水平较低,吸烟率较高,应针对重点人群和重点健康问题进行综合干预,以提高居民基本健康知识与技能,促进健康生活方式与行为的形成。

Objective：To assess the residents＇ health literacy levels and smoking status of Banan district in Chongqing city,provide a scientific basis of health decisions for the government and the family planning administrative department of public health.Method：Two hundred and forty residents between the age of 15 and 69 in Chongqing Ba＇nan district were selected as the objects according to multi-stage stratified random sampling and surveyed by questionnaires from August 2015 to October 2015.Result：The overall health literacy level of Chongqing Ba＇nan residents＇ was 12.1%,16.7% of the basic knowledge and concepts,20.8% of healthy lifestyle and behaviors and 12.9% of the basic skills. The health issue-related literacy level of the resident were as follows： the scientific health understanding was 41.3%,the infectious disease prevention was 28.8%,the chronic disease prevention was 7.5%,the safety and first aid was 47.1%,the basic healthcare was 17.1% and the health information was 9.2%.The smoking rate of these residents was 29.6%.Logistic regression analysis showed that cultural degree（OR=3.307） and smoking status（OR=1.969） were the principal factors which affected the residents＇ health literacy level in this region.Conclusion：Residents of Banan district have a low level of health literacy and high smoking rate.It is need to implement comprehensive intervention focused on the key populations,improve the residents＇ basic health knowledge and skills, promote the formation of healthy lifestyles and behaviors.