温度和盐度对不同规格甲虫螺(Cantharus cecillei)耗氧率和排氨率的影响

Effects of Temperature and Salinity on Oxygen Consumption and Ammonia Excretion Rate of Whelk Cantharus cecillei with Different Sizes

采用静水法测定了温度和盐度对两种规格甲虫螺(Cantharus cecillei)耗氧率和排氨率的影响。结果显示,(1)温度、规格均对甲虫螺的耗氧率和排氨率有显著影响(P<0.05),但其二者的交互作用对甲虫螺的耗氧率和排氨率没有显著影响(P>0.05)。当温度为12-24℃时,甲虫螺的耗氧率和排氨率随温度的升高而逐渐增加,温度为24℃时,达到最高值。之后随着温度的继续升高,各组耗氧率和排氨率均有明显的下降。在温度为12-28℃条件下,大规格组(A组)甲虫螺的单位体重耗氧率和排氨率均小于小规格组(B组)。当温度为12-28℃时,甲虫螺的氧氮比值O/N比值范围在8.17-17.31之间。温度为20℃和24℃时,各实验组均有最大的O/N比值。温度升至28℃时,O/N比值明显下降。(2)盐度、规格对甲虫螺的耗氧率和排氨率有显著影响(P<0.05),但其二者的交互作用对甲虫螺的耗氧率和排氨率没有显著影响(P>0.05)。当盐度为20-30时,两种规格甲虫螺的耗氧率和排氨率随盐度的升高而逐渐增加,盐度为30时,达到最高值。之后随着盐度的继续升高,各组耗氧率和排氨率均有明显的下降。在盐度为20-40条件下,大规格组(A组)甲虫螺的单位体重耗氧率和排氨率均小于小规格组(B组)。当盐度为20-40时,甲虫螺的O/N比值范围在10.80-22.71之间。盐度为30时,各实验组均有最大的氧氮比值,盐度升至35和40时,氧氮比值明显下降。研究表明,甲虫螺生存的最适温度为24℃,最适盐度为30。以期为甲虫螺的人工繁殖以及贝螺混养技术提供科学的依据。

In this study we used static water method to investigate the effects of temperature and salinity on oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate of Cantharus cecillei with two different sizes. The results were described as following：（1） Temperature and body size alone had significant effects on oxygen consumption rate（OR） and ammonia excretion rate（NR）（P〈0.05）, but the interaction of the two factors did not affect OR or NR（P〉0.05）. OR and NR increased along with rise in temperature（12-24℃） and reached the peak value at 24℃, but then started to decrease as the temperature continued to increase. At 12-28℃ OR and NR of the large size group（A group） were both lower than those of the small size group（B group）. At 12-28℃, the O and N mole ratio varied between 8.17 and 17.31 and reached the highest at 20 and 24℃, and the ratio dropped at 28℃.（2） Salinity and body size alone also had significant effects on OR and NR（P〈0.05） whereas the combination did not（P〉0.05）. At salinity 20-30, OR and NR increased along with salinity, and the peak value appeared at salinity 30, followed by a decrease as the salinity continued to rise. At salinity 20-40, OR and NR of A group were both lower than those of B group. The O and N mole ratio varied between 10.80 and 22.71, and the highest value appeared at salinity 30 before it began to fall along with further increase in the salinity. This study indicated that the optimum temperature and salinity for C. cecillei could be 24℃ and 30 respectively, and provided basic data for the development of the farming of C. cecillei.