中国国家公园物质形态规划理念探讨

Study on the Concept of Physical Form Planning for China National Park

中国国家公园体系建设是一项复杂的巨系统。本文首先从我国国家公园建立的宗旨、国外国家公园发展历程、对国家公园内涵的理解等三个层面,分析了我国建立国家公园的背景;然后从我国国家公园发展现状及国家公园体制与现有保护区体制之间的矛盾两个方面,解析了我国国家公园建设面临的问题;在此基础上,从国家公园范围的选择、内容的确定、规模的控制、建设管理策略、社区参与模式等几个视角,阐释了我国国家公园物质形态规划理念,旨在与现有自然保护地一起,共同建立"系统性、完整性、协同性"的保护区体系。

Developing China National Park system is a complex giant system.The background of developing China National Park system was discussed by means of three aspects,such as the mission of developing China National Park system,the developing process of overseas National Park system,and the key concept of National Park system.And then,the main problems must to be faced for developing China National Park system were analyzed in two ways,that were current situation of China National Park development and contradictions between the National Park system and existing conservation system.Based on the issues explored above,the planning concept of physical forms for China National Parkwas expounded with five points of view,which include the selection of National Park domain,the determination of National Park contents,the control of the National Park scale,the strategy of National Park development and management,and the mode of National Park community participation.The purpose of the planning concept is to develop the new conservation system with the characteristics of systematicness,completeness,and cooperativity by integrating the national park system with the existing conservation system.