日本学生汉语量词“个”与“种”混用现象分析——基于HSK动态作文语料库的专项调查

Analysis on the Mix-up of Chinese Classifiers“Ge”and “Zhong”of Japanese Students—— Special Investigation Based on HSK Dynamic Composition Corpus

汉语量词"个"是最常用的量词之一,留学生在汉语量词的学习和使用的过程中,常常会与汉语其他量词混淆。日语与汉语同属量词型语言,日语量词系统的形成与汉语密不可分,日本学生在汉语量词"个"出现的偏误现象有母语负迁移、汉语量词"个"过度泛化等多种原因。

As one of the most commonly used Chinese classifiers, ＂ge （个） ＂ is frequently mixed up with others by international students in the process of learning and using Chinese. Both Japanese and Chinese belong to classifier language. With most of classifiers in Japanese （ also called auxiliary） came from Chi- nese, the system of classifiers in Japanese has a close relationship with Chinese. However, in the devel- opment of language, the types and numbers of classifiers become different gradually, which is reflected in aspects such as the collocation with nouns, the syntactic position, semantic meaning and pragmatic use, etc. The errors made by Japanese students in using Chinese classifiers, cious characteristics of relevant classifiers in these two languages. From tend to be related with the spe- HSK Dynamic Composition Cor- pus, this paper has collected and analyzed 1129 failure use cases in using Chinese classifiers ＂ge （个） ＂ and ＂zhong （种）＂ made by Japanese students. After contrastive approach of ＂ge （个）＂ in these two languages and ＂ぴとつ＂ which is another individual （numeral） classifier in aspects of the collocations with nouns, the semantic meaning and pragmatic use, we considered that the reasons why Japanese students mix up Chinese classifiers ＂ge （个） ＂ and ＂zhong （种）＂ are involved with many factors such as the influence of negative transfer of mother tongue, overgeneralization of Chinese classifier ＂ge （个） ＂, etc.