基于显著度理论探析“很多”与“很少”的语法位置不对称分布

Research on Asymmetric Distribution in Grammar Position of“Henduo”and “Henshao”Based on Significant Degree Theory

基于"很少"可以做状语,而"很多"却不可以做状语的论述,以一定量的语料库作为研究基础,统计出"很多"与"很少"在定语、主语、宾语、状语、形容词补语位置上分布不对称,在谓语和动词补语位置上分布对称。以显著度理论为主、以焦点理论、"很多"与"很少"的基本含义为辅,全面分析"很多"与"很少"在语法位置不对称的原因。分析结果说明显著度理论、焦点理论、"很多"与"很少"的基本含义能合理解释"很多"与"很少"的语法位置的不对称分布现象,对提高国内外学生对"很多"、"很少"的理解与应用具有重要意义。

Based on the discussion that ＂Henshao＂ could be adverbial and ＂Henduo＂ could not be adver- bial, we had investigated a certain amount of corpus. Statistics had suggested that ＂Henduo＂ and ＂Hens- hao＂ were asymmetric distribution in the grammar position of attribute, subject, object, adverbial, ad- jective complement, ＂Henduo＂ and ＂Henshao＂ were symmetrical in the grammar position of predicate and verb complement. Mainly based on the significant degree theory, supplementally based on the focus theory and the basic meaning of ＂Henduo Henshao＂, we had comprehensively analyzed the reason a- bout asymmetric distribution. Through the research, we found that the significant degree theory, the focus theory, the basic meaning of ＂Henduo＂ and ＂Henshao＂ could reasonable analysis the asymmetric distri- bution of ＂Henduo＂ and ＂Henshao＂ in the grammar position. The research had significance in the under- standing and application of the ＂Henduo＂ and ＂Henshao＂ for Chinese and foreign students.