脑及脊髓冲击震动损伤模型生化指标的变化

Changes of biochemical indexes in the brain and spinal cord after shock and vibration damage

背景:高能震动易于损伤机体非空腔器官且损伤效应显著,但目前针对高能震动致伤过程的研究较少。目的:了解高能震动致伤后动物机体生理生化及病理改变。方法:将32只中华田园犬随机分为4组,轻度震伤组、中度震伤组及重度震伤组分别实施700,1 000,2 100 m/s2的冲击震动,对照组为正常对照。于震后14 d内检测血清血清K+、Ca2+、Zn2+、S100β、神经元特异性烯醇化酶浓度,并进行脊髓及颅脑组织免疫组织化学染色观察。结果与结论:震伤3组血清K+、Ca2+、Zn2+浓度呈现规律性变化,震后即时无明显变化,K+浓度于震后0.5 d降到最低,Ca2+浓度至震后1 d降到最低,Zn2+浓度于震后0.5 d或1d降到最低,此后均逐渐增加,至14 d时恢复正常水平;震伤3组血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶、S100β均于震后0.5 d开始增加,于震后1 d达到最高值,此后均逐渐降低,至14 d时恢复至正常或偏高水平。震伤3组脊髓及颅脑均出现接触部位及对冲部位的出血点,震后即时处死时出血程度较14 d时明显,脊髓及颅脑损伤部位S100β、胶质纤维酸性蛋白、神经元特异性烯醇化酶增多。

BACKGROUND： High-energy vibration is easy to damage non-cavity organs of the body and the damage effect is remarkable, but few studies concern the process of high-energy vibration-induced injury. OBJECTIVE： To understand physiological, biochemical and pathological changes of animal bodies after high-energy vibration-induced injury. METHODS： A total of 32 dogs were randomly divided into four groups. Dogs in the mild vibration injury group, moderate vibration injury group and severe vibration injury group received 700, 1 000, and 2 100 m/s2 vibration. Dogs in the control group were considered as normal controls. Within 14 days after vibration, serum K＋, Ca2＋, Zn2＋, S100β, and neuron specific enolase concentrations were detected. Immunohistochemical staining was observed in the spinal cord and the brain. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Serum K＋, Ca2＋, Zn2＋concentrations showed a regular change in the three vibration injury group, and no evident change was found immediately after vibration injury. K＋ concentrations reached a minimum at 0.5 day after vibration injury. Ca2＋ concentrations reached a minimum at 1 day after vibration injury. Zn2＋concentrations reached a minimum at 0.5 or 1 day. Above concentrations gradual y increased and became normal at 14 days. Serum neuron specific enolase and S100β expression increased at 0.5 day after vibration in the three vibration injury groups, peaked at 1 day, gradual y diminished, and recovered to a normal level or higher level at 14 days. In the three vibration groups, bleeding point of contact position and hedge position could be found in the spinal cord and brain. The degree of bleeding was more significant when kil ed instantly after vibration compared with that at 14 days. S100β, glial fibril ary acidic protein and neuron specific enolase expression increased in the spinal cord and brain.