某医院2014～2015年抗菌药物使用情况分析

Analysis of the antimicrobial agents use situation of one hospital from 2014 to 2015

目的探讨某医院2014~2015年抗菌药物的使用情况,为抗菌药物临床使用和管理提供参考依据。方法收集并计算该医院2014~2015年的抗菌药物用药金额比例、各类别抗菌药物用药金额构成比、DDDs排前十位抗菌药物明细、抗菌药物使用率、住院患者抗菌药物使用强度、Ⅰ类切口手术抗菌药物预防使用率和抗菌药物使用前微生物样本送检率等指标,通过制作图表比较两年间各指标的变化趋势。结果该医院抗菌药物用药金额比例保持在17%左右,β-内酰胺酶抑制剂及其与β-内酰胺类抗生素配伍的复方制剂的用药金额构成比最高（约占35%）,各类别抗菌药物DDDs前3位的依次为喹诺酮类、头孢菌素类和大环内酯类,单品种用药频度前3位的依次为左氧氟沙星片、阿莫西林胶囊和克拉霉素片。与2014年相比,门、急诊和住院抗菌药物使用率分别下降了0.23%、-14.77%和3.26%,住院患者抗菌药物使用强度下降了4.15 DDDs/（100人·d）,Ⅰ类切口手术抗菌药物预防使用率下降了9.21%,总体、限制使用级和特殊使用级抗菌药物微生物样本送检率分别提升了21.57%、19.42%和31.63%。结论该医院抗菌药物使用逐步趋于合理,但部分指标尚未达到国家要求,仍需进一步加强管理和宣教。

Objective To explore the antimicrobial agents use situation of one hospital from 2014 to 2015 and to provide reference basis for clinical application and management of antimicrobial agents. Methods Drug consumption sum ratio,constituent ratio of all kinds of antimicrobial agents drug consumption sum,antimicrobial agents detail that on the top 10 of DDDs,usage rate of antimicrobial agents,antimicrobial agents use intensity of inpatient,antimicrobial agents prevention usage rate for type Ⅰ incision and microbial sample inspection rate before using antimicrobial agents from2014 to 2015 of this hospital were selected and counted.Variation trend of all index between two years was compared by making chart. Results The drug consumption sum ratio of antimicrobial agents in this hospital was maintained about17%.The drug consumption sum ratio of β-lactamase inhibitors and compound preparations of beta lactam antibiotics compatibility was highest（about 35%）.The top 3 DDDs of all kinds of antimicrobial agents were following as quinolones,cephalosporins and macrolides.The top 3 of single use frequency were following as levofloxacin tablet,amoxacllin capsule and clarithromycin tablet.Compared with 2014,the antimicrobial agents usage rate of outpatient,emergence and inpatient respectively decreased 0.23%,-14.77% and 3.26%.Antimicrobial agents use intensity of inpatient patients decreased 4.15 DDDs/hundreds of people every day.Antimicrobial agents prevention usage rate for type Ⅰ incision decreased 9.21%.Microbial sample inspection rate of overall,limit use and special level use of antimicrobial agents were respectively increased 21.57%,19.42% and 31.63%. Conclusion The hospital antimicrobial drug use gradually tend to be more reasonable,but some indicators have not yet reach the national requirements and still need to further improve management and training.