破、立、持:《庄子》生死观的“三段论”

Breaking,Establishing and Sustaining:“Syllogism”of Zhuangzi's View of Life and Death

与以往研究不同,文章把《庄子》一书作为一个有机整体进行分析,认为《庄子》书中的生死观内涵着"破、立、持"三段论:"破"的阶段以"物化"对世俗的生死观进行摧毁,"立"的阶段以不灭之"我"的肯定来建立积极的生存观,而"持"的阶段以"人故无情"的阐明使"我"在"物化"的过程中保持对生死不作是非、好恶的念头。"破、立、持"三段论既区别又融贯,构成了独具特色的生死观。

Different from the previous research, this paper studies Zhuangzi as an organic whole, and ar- gues that there is the connotation of ＂breaking, establishing and sustaining＂ syllogism in Zhuangzi＇ s view of life and death. At the ＂breaking＂ stage, the ＂transformation of things＂ destroys the secular view of life and death. At the ＂establishing＂ stage, the imperishable ＂I＂ is used to create a positive view of survival. At the ＂sustaining＂ stage, the elaborations of ＂people having no feelings＂ in the process of ＂transformation of things＂ keep people away from holding such ideas like being right and wrong, likes and dislikes about life and death. The three stages are different, at the same time they are coherent, constituting a unique view of life and death.