《元曲选》曲文跟宾白的语言差异--以常用词“若-如”“立-站”为例

Language Variations between Librettos and Dialogues in Yuanquxuan: with Two Pairs of Commonly-used Words“Ruo vs Ru”and “Li vs Zhan”as Examples

常用词"若—如""立—站"在《元曲选》曲文跟宾白的使用上不尽相同:"若""立"在曲文、宾白中均有使用,而"如""站"则主要用于宾白,曲文不见或少见。《元曲选》中的"如""站"有三方面的来源:继承而来、改定而来、仅见于《元曲选》。《元曲选》对元代杂剧既有继承又有发展。相较曲文而言,宾白的口语化程度较高,具有更高的语言学价值。考察《元曲选》的语言问题,须将曲文和宾白区分对待。

Common words Ruo（若） vs Ru（如）（both mean if）, Li（ 立）vs Zhan（站）（both mean stand） were used in a different way in librettos and dialogues of Yuanquxuan（ Selected Plays from the Yuan Dynasty）. ＂Ruo （若）＂ and ＂li （立）＂ were used both in librettos and dialogues, whereas ＂ru （如 ）＂ and ＂zhan （ 站 ）＂ mostly in dialogues, rarely in librettos. There are three sources for the use of ＂ru（如）＂ and ＂zhan（站）＂ in Yuanquxuan： by inheritance, by modification and by existence only in Yuanqu^uan. The plays were inherited and developed from the Yuan operas. Dialogues are more colloquial compared with the librettos and hence more valuable in linguistic research. It is of great necessity to distinguish the librettos and the dialogues when we consider the language issues of the plays.