韩国老年人长期护理保险制度述要——兼谈对中国建立养老服务新体系的启示

On Long-term Care Insurance System of the Elderly in Korea——Enlightenment of the Establishment of China's New Pension Service System

为了解决人口老龄化带来的社会养老问题,韩国从2008年开始实施养老服务体系的核心制度——老年人长期护理保险政策。我国2000年进行第五次人口普查时,60岁以上的老龄人口占总人口的10.4%,表明中国已经进入老龄社会。目前中国老年人长期护理保险研究处于起步阶段,体系尚未成熟。韩国的老年人长期护理保险政策自2008年实施以来已经过了7个年头,经过多年探索,该制度在立法过程、覆盖人群、服务等级认定、筹资与给付、设施建设与护理人力培养等方面已经基本定型并形成了自身的特色。通过介绍韩国的经验,可以为中国养老服务事业的健康发展和改善老年人生活质量提供一些参考。

Korea began to enter the aging society in 2000. In order to solve the problem of social pension issues, Korea began to implement elderly long-term care insurance policy in 2008. The results of the fifth census in 2000 showed that China has entered the aging society, as population over 60 years old accounted for 10.4% of the total population. At present, the study of the elderly long-term care insurance is in the initial stage in China. However Korea＇ s elderly long-term care insurance policies has been implemented for 7 years since 2008. Through many years of exploration, Korea＇ s elderly long-term care insurance system has been basically finalized and formed its own characteristics in the legislative process, system coverage, service level identification, financing and payment, facilities construction and nursing manpower training. Through the introduction of Korea＇ s experience, it can pro- vide some references for the healthy development of China＇ s pension services and improve the quality of life of the elderly.