经验政治理论的反思--基于政治分析的科学性视角

Rethinking of Empirical Political Theory——Based on Scientificalness of Political Analysis

政治科学的科学性一直受到质疑。在其发展过程中,形成了多元的经验政治理论及其系统的研究理念、哲学、方法和路径。经过行为主义革命,政治研究逐渐趋向于一个有序的分析基础:科学主义、形式主义、关联主义、普遍主义和多元主义。然而从"梅里亚姆的科学难题"开始,政治科学家就在反思政治分析的科学性。与自然科学不同,作为一门社会科学,政治科学不仅要解释政治问题的因果关系,还要对政治问题的意义进行理解。

The scientificalness of political science has been questioned. It has formed a variety of philosophy, methods and empirical political theories with the development. After behaviourism, political analysis tends to be an order ： scientism, formalism, connectionism, universalism and pluralism. However, political scientists rethink profoundly the Merriam ＂ science problem＂. As a social science, political science is different from natural science, it not only explains the causal relationship between political phenomena, but also understands the meaning of political phenomena.