西部农村地区小学生家庭资本与学业成绩的关系:社会情感能力的中介作用

The Relationship Between Family Capital and Academic Achievements of Primary Schools in Western China:the Mediating Effect of Social Emotional Ability

本研究以布迪厄和科尔曼等人的资本理论为基础,针对当前家庭资本测量指标的局限性,编制由经济资本、文化资本和社会资本三个维度构成的小学生家庭资本问卷。西部地区2省16所小学3832名学生参与问卷编制,信效度检测结果良好。采用该问卷对某县范围内参加期末学业统一考试的8所乡镇中心小学和农村完全小学的四、五、六年级1113名学生开展学业调查,探讨社会情感能力在家庭资本对学业成绩影响的中介作用。结果发现:社会情感能力在家庭资本对学业成绩的影响中起完全中介作用。基于此,本研究提出下列建议:将发展儿童社会情感能力作为改善西部教育公平及提升教育质量的重要举措;重视教师在学生社会情感能力发展中的作用,改善教师认知并发展以"促进儿童社会情感能力提升"为目标的教育和教学策略。

This study, by using a questionnaire involving economic, cultural and social capital （devised with the help of 3832 students from 16 primary schools in 2 autonomous regions in China＇ s western areas） to survey 1113 students from grades 4 - 6 in 8 primary schools, based on the theory of capital by Bourdieu and Coleman, as well as the limitations of the current family capital measurement indicators, aims to explore the mediating effect of social emotional ability on students＇ family capital and academic achievements. The results show that social emotional ability completely mediates between students＇ family capital and academic achievements. The study suggests the following： developing children＇ s social emotional ability to promote the educational equality and quality in China＇ s western areas; and emphasizing the role of teachers by improving their cognition and develop- ing the teaching strategies targeted at promoting children＇ s social emotional ability.