微小RNA参与心肌缺血再灌注损伤的研究新进展

New research progresses of micro-RNAs involving in myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury

心肌缺血再灌注损伤(MIRI)是指缺血心肌在恢复血流灌注后,表现出一系列心肌功能的障碍和结构的损害。近年来的研究发现,多种微小RNA(miRNA)在MIRI进程中出现上调或下调的表达异常,并可通过作用于靶基因调控下游的信号通路,引起相应蛋白表达的变化,从而参与调控MIRI的进程。而通过技术手段上调或下调目标miRNA的表达可起到缓解MIRI的作用,且miRNA可作为急性心肌梗死的生物标记物,反映疾病的严重程度及预后。该文主要就miRNA在MIRI中的作用机制、临床应用等方面的新进展加以综述。

Myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury （MIRI）, which occurs after reperfusion of ischemic myocardium, presents a series of myocardial functional disorder and structural impairments. In recent years, researchers have found abnormal up-regulated or down-regulated expressions of many micro-RNAs （miRNAs） during the course of MIRI. By targeting specific genes, miRNAs can modulate downstream signaling pathways and cause changes in expressions of corresponding proteins, thus involve in the process of regulating MIRI. MIRI can be alleviated by up-regulating or down-regulating expressions of target miRNAs via technical approaches. As biomarkers of acute myocardial infarction, miRNAs can reflect the severity and prognosis of the disease. This paper reviews new research progresses of mechanisms and clinical applications of miRNAs in MIRI.