白族儿童铁缺乏症患病率调查及危险因素分析

Survey And Analysis of Prevalence Rate and Risk Factors of Iron Deficiency in Bai Nationality Children

整群抽样０～１４岁白族儿童３１９７名，检测血红蛋白（Ｈｂ），红细胞内游离原卟啉（ＦＥＰ），并抽样进行膳食调查和大便寄生虫检查。结果表明：铁缺乏症（ＩＤ）患病率５８．７％，其中缺铁性贫血（ＩＤＡ）患病率５１．９０％。调查儿童中未发现钩虫感染，蛔虫感染率３９．４％，但并非缺铁的危险因素。婴儿期辅食添加太迟，以米粉为主；大龄儿童热量、蛋白质、铁、血红素铁、维生素Ｃ摄入不足和／或生物利用率低以及社会经济收入低下是主要危险因素。

This paper reports cluster sampling of 3197 children of Bai nationality 0 to 14 years of age,measurement of hemoglobin and free erythrocyte protoporphyrin, the dietary investigation and parasitic examination of stool. The results show that the prevalence rate of iron deficiency (ID ) is 58. 7 % , that the prevalence rate of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is 51. 9 %, and that the case rate of infant groups is above 70 %, which is obviously higher than that of the other age groups (x2>19. 2, P<0. 01). Hookworm infection is not found in these children. The rate of roundworm infection is 39. 4 %, but it is not the risk factor. Most infants (82. 6 % ) began to have supplementary food after 5 months of age, and carbohydrate became the major source of calories. For preschool and school children, the main risk factor of ID is insufficient intake of calories, protein,iron and ascorbic acid. Low socioeconomic income is also one of the risk factors.