MicroRNA与变应性鼻炎

MicroRNAs in Allergic Rhinitis

在变应性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis,AR)发病的免疫细胞分化及免疫应答过程中,micro RNA(miRNA)发挥着非常重要的调控作用。本文旨在对AR中miRNA研究进行回顾,以期为AR的有效治疗提供新的视角。首先,变应性鼻炎患者鼻粘膜中miR-7和miRPlus-E1194等差异表达。其次,在T辅助细胞发育、分化与活化过程中,miR-181a、miR-155、miR-21、miR-1、miR-31、miR-223、miR-139-3p、miR-126、Let-7家族成员会发生显著上调或下降,而且某些miRNA的相关作用靶点也得到验证。再次,嗜酸粒细胞定向分化祖细胞向成熟嗜酸粒细胞的分化过程中,miR-21和miR-223都有所上调。最后,在肥大细胞激活和脱颗粒过程中,miR-221和miR-222以及其他miRNA显著上调。以上miRNA参与了T辅助细胞分化与活化、嗜酸粒细胞发育、肥大细胞脱颗粒等AR病理进程的各个环节,而且,miRNA还会参与前期的抗原提呈等环节。可见miRNA对AR调控呈现出复杂性和多重性。

MicroRNAs（miRNAs） play an important role in allergic rhinitis,including the differentiation of the immune cells and immune response.In this article,we review the effect of miRNAs in allergic rhinitis and the pathophysiological mechanism.At first,the differential expression of miR-7,miRPlus-E1194 and other miRNAs was observed in the nasal mucosa of AR.Secondly,there was up-regulation or down-regulation in expression of miR-181 a,miR-155,miR-21,miR-1,miR-31,miR-223,miR-139-3p,miR-126,Let-7in the development,differentiation and activation of the T helper cells,and some targets related to the miRNAs were verified.Thirdly,miR-21 and miR-223 could directly regulate the development of eosinophils by influencing the proliferation and differentiation of eosinophil progenitor cells.Fourthly,miR-221,miR-222 and other miRNAs regulated the activation and the degranulation of mast cell.Above all,we summarized the function of miRNAs in the differentiation and activation of the T helper cells,the development of eosinophil and the degranulation of mast cell,and maybe miRNAs would play role in the antigen presenting process.