不同含水率稻谷在不同温度条件储存过程中真菌生长情况的研究

A study of growth process of fungus in grain storage under various temperature with different moisture content

模拟不同的水分和温度条件,研究稻谷在储藏过程中真菌生长情况的不同变化,初步建立了一种针对佛山地区稻谷储藏中真菌危害以及预测主要危害真菌毒素含量变化趋势的早期预测方法。将稻谷样品水分含量调至12.0%,12.8%,13.6%,14.4%和15.2%,分别置于15℃,20℃,25℃,30℃,35℃、40℃恒温培养箱中储藏140 d,每7 d取一次样检测真菌生长及真菌毒素生长情况。结果表明：水分含量为12.0%,12.8%的稻谷长期储藏是安全的;13.6%水分稻谷在35℃以上高温储藏49 d就存在真菌污染风险;15.2%稻谷在实验的6个温度下储存21 d内均检出有真菌生长,且主要真菌毒素含量严重超标。在15℃~40℃的储藏环境温度范围内,真菌生长情况与温度增长成正比。通过严格控制储藏稻谷水分含量可减少佛山地区稻谷储藏期间因受真菌危害而造成质量损失。

This experiment studies in the changes of the relations among moisture content, temperature, growth offungus and major hazard fungaltoxin in the storage of grain in Foshan. Through the experimental data, we set upan early prediction of quality and trend of content in hazard fungaltoxin of storing grain. Adjusted the moisturecontent of samples to 12.0%, 12.8%, 13.6%, 14.4%, 15.2%, then put the samples respectively into constanttemperature incubator at 15℃, 20℃, 25℃, 30℃, 35℃, 40℃ for 140 days. Meanwhile, took a sample to test thegrowth of fungus and major hazard fungaltoxin. The results showed that the grain was suit for a long-term storagewhile the moisture content was either 12.0% or 12.8%. As the moisture content was 13.6%, the grain stored for49 days was easily infected fungal above 35℃. The fungus were detected while the moisture content was 15.2%in grain stored for 21 days at 6 temperature gradient. Morever, the content of hazard fungaltoxin exceeded badly.When the temperature range from 15℃ to 40℃, the growth of fungal was proportional to the increasingtemperature.