回归道德教育的“集体主义”原则

A Return to the Principle of “Collectivism” in Moral Education

集体主义是我国道德建设和道德教育的原则。建国以来,随着党和国家工作重心的转移和人们生活方式的改变,集体主义教育的学科属性、教育内涵、实践效果等也呈现出以政治运动和经济建设等为中心的阶段性特点。近三十年来,集体主义教育的研究者一直在探讨为什么要开展集体主义教育、集体主义的教育内容有没有社会特征、集体主义教育该如何开展等三个关键性问题。新时期的道德教育工作者需要正确对待历史的经验教训,把握好集体主义作为道德原则的针对性和相对性,基于马克思主义的"真实集体"和"自由发展"理念对集体主义的内涵作正确解读,处理好集体主义教育与学生思维发展的阶段性之间的关系。

Collectivism is the principle of moral construction and moral education in our country.Since the founding of the People's Republic of China,along with the transformation of the core work of the Party and the state and the changes in people's life,the discipline attribute,the connotation and the practical effect of collectivism education and so on have also presented with stage characteristics centering on political movements and economic construction.In the past 30 years,researchers on collectivism education have kept exploring three key issues like why collectivism education is existed,whether collectivism education content has social features or not and how to carry out collectivism education.As a moral educator in the new period,the following aspects need to be noticed:learn from the historic experience and lessons correctly,grasp the pertinence and relativity of collectivism as a moral principle,basing on the Marxist'real collective'and'free development'concept,make a correct interpretation of the connotation of collectivism,and balance the relationship between the collectivism education and the staged development of students'thinking.